Deck Informational Handout (PDF)

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FIFTEEN ROPE FERRY ROAD WATERFORD, CT 06385-2886
RESIDENTIAL DECKS
DESIGN GUIDE
MINIMUM APPLICATION REQUIREMENTS
& CHECK LIST
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RESIDENTIAL DECKS
DISCLAIMER
The following information is intended to assist both homeowners and contractors with the process
and requirements for constructing residential decks in the Town of Waterford. The information
contained within this document meets or exceeds the minimum requirements of the building code.
Please review the following information to see what items are applicable to your specific project. The
information provided is not intended to address every aspect of the permitting and construction
process and is by no means an all inclusive document. This document is not intended to preclude the
use of other construction methods or materials provided they meet the minimum standards of the
building code. Your project may have unique conditions that will have to be dealt with on a case by
case basis with one of our building officials.
Much of the information provided in this document is taken from other sources. The Town of
Waterford has made reasonable efforts to present accurate and reliable information in this handout
however the Town of Waterford is not responsible for any errors in or omissions from the
information contained in this document. The information provided in this document is not intended to
replace or be a substitute for user's independent research, evaluation and design for their specific
situation. The information is being provided as a convenience to assist you with your deck design.
The Town of Waterford does not endorse any specific manufacturers of materials or products.
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Town of Waterford, CT Residential Deck Handout October 25, 2016 Page 2

RESIDENTIAL DECKS
PROJECT INFORMATION / CHECK LIST
Note to Applicant: This checklist is part of the application for permit and shall be
included with your submission along with all other required documentation.
Property Address:
Name of Applicant:
Is the applicant the owner? ao Yes a No
Project Description:
The total estimated cost including labor & material is: $
NOTE: If you are doing the work yourself, a fair market labor cost must be included for your time.
Is this deck: oAnewdeck co Anexpansion a Replacing existing in kind
What is the height of the deck above grade at the highest point? __— =
Is the deck in a flood zone? o Yes a No
Does the deck abut a pool? a Yes ao No
Does the deck serve the primary egress door from the dwelling? o Yes a No
Will the deck be attached to the structure? o Yes oa No
Is the property served by: caseptic system ccitysewer owell a city water
Does any portion of the deck fall within 100’ of a wetlands boundary? o Yes No
Is the property located on a: ao State Road o Town Road 1 Private Road
The following information shall be provided with your application:
o Building permit application is completed
a Two sets of all required documentation are provided
a Cost estimate is provided (*)
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Town of Waterford, CT Residential Deck Handout October 25, 2016 Page 3

a Property taxes are current
a Utility Commission sewer fees are current
co Public works has been contacted about whether or not a site access permit is
required and a copy is attached if applicable. 860-444-5864
Site plan is provided (*)
Oo
a
Existing conditions plan(s) are provided
a Foundation / footing pier plan is provided (*)
a Framing plan is provided (*)
a Floor plan / deck layout plan is provided (*)
a Section drawing(s) is provided (*)
a Elevation(s) are provided (*)
0 Details of stairs, landings, connections, bracing, etc. are provided (*)
a All documents contain Owners name and project address.
The following information is not required however it would be helpful in
expediting the review process:
co Photographs of the existing conditions where the deck is proposed.
co Manufacturer cut sheets, specifications or product brochures
(*) As described in the minimum application requirements section
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Town of Waterford, CT Residential Deck Handout October 25, 2016 Page 4

RESIDENTIAL DECKS
GENERAL INFORMATION
A building permit is required for most decks. Building permit application forms are available in the
Planning & Development office at the Waterford Town Hall or can be downloaded from the building
department website. http://www.waterfordct.org/building
A building permit is not required if the project meets ALL of the following (Amd R105.2):
The deck does not exceeding 200 square feet in area.
The deck is not more than 30” above grade at any point.
The deck is not attached to a dwelling.
The deck does not serve the required exit door.
Note: Please keep in mind that a complete application with all required information will help
expedite the application review process.
Zoning approval will be required for most new deck applications prior to issuance of the
building permit. A zoning review fee of $55.00 will be required at the time of the application
submission if it is determined a zoning review is required.
Building permits cannot be issued if taxes or utility commission sewer fees are owed on the
property.
A certificate of insurance for workers’ compensation coverage and general liability insurance
must be provided by contractors or a sworn notarized affidavit provided, if the contractor is a
sole proprietor.
All contractors that perform remodeling must have a Connecticut Home Improvement
Contractor registration.
This document applies to single level residential wood decks only.
If the existing property is serviced by a private septic system, and/or well, the plans will need
to be reviewed by Ledge Light Health District. The applicant is responsible for contacting
LLHD and providing them with a copy of the plans.
A building permit will not be issued until a site access permit has been obtained from the
Public Works department if applicable. Please contact Public Works at 860-444-5864.
SSS
Town of Waterford, CT Residential Deck Handout October 25, 2016 Page 5

RESIDENTIAL DECKS
PLAN INFORMATION & DESIGN CRITEREA
General
e All plans and submitted documentation shall include the owner’s name, street address and
telephone number as well as the street address of the proposed work.
e All plans shall also include the name, address and telephone number of the person or firm
who prepared the plans if different than the homeowner.
e Photographs are not required however we do encourage the submission of photographs to
show existing conditions and to help expedite the review.
Footings / piers
e Deck footings / piers shall be a minimum of 42” below grade to the bottom of the
footing/pier. (except in flood zones or free standing decks)
e Deck footings / piers shall be designed and sized for the actual load conditions. The load
conditions will depend on several factors such as beam spans, pier size, wind uplift, cantilever
conditions, special considerations such as hot tubs, length of joist spans, etc. Reference the
building codes and attached links to determine footing/pier sizes.
Framing
e Decks shall be designed for a minimum design load of 50 Ibs. per square foot.
e Decks may not be attached to a house cantilever unless an engineered drawing is provided.
e Decks may not be attached to brick, stone or other similar type veneers.
e Ifthe deck is serving the required egress door from the dwelling, a stair or ramp to grade is
required. Landings or floors at the required egress door shall not be more than 1 2” lower
than the top of the threshold. If the door does not swing over the landing or floor the step shall
not exceed 8 4”. (Amd R311.3.1)
e Ifthe deck is not serving the required egress door from the dwelling, a landing or floor may
be 8 %” lower than the top of the threshold (Amd R311.3.2). Landings are not required for
stairs with 3 or fewer risers provided the door does not swing over the stair.
© Decks over 24” above finished grade require diagonal bracing.
e Girders supporting deck joists shall not be supported on deck ledgers or band joists.
(R502.2.2.2)
e All wood in contact with concrete or masonry shall be treated lumber or wood that is
naturally resistant to decay and termites.
e A minimum of two (1,500 lbs each) deck lateral load hold-down connectors shall be installed
per deck. (R502.2.2.3) Alternate connectors may be approved if it is demonstrated they meet
the above requirements.
e Ifa-sauna, hot tub or similar items are to be installed on the deck, the structural framing shall
be designed accordingly for the additional load condition(s).
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Town of Waterford, CT Residential Deck Handout October 25, 2016 Page 6

Guardrails
e Decks over 30” above finished grade, at any point, will require a guardrail.
Grade is measured to an imaginary point 36” out horizontally from the edge of the deck. If
any point within the edge of the deck perimeter and the imaginary perimeter line measures
more than 30” then the entire deck will be considered over 30”. Guardrails will be required
along the sides of the deck that exceed the 30”.
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e Any stairs over 30” in height from finished floor to landing or finished floor will require a
guardrail. Required guards along a stair shall not be less than the minimum handrail height of
34”,
e Guards along landing and walking surfaces at floor levels shall not be less than 36”.
e Atno point ina guardrail system shall a sphere of 4” pass through the guardrail.
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Town of Waterford, CT Residential Deck Handout October 25, 2016 Page 7

Stairs
e Stairway landings at the bottom of stairways shall be a minimum of 36” in travel distance and
at least as wide as the stair but in no case less than 36”.
e Stairways shall be a minimum of 36” wide. Handrails are permitted to project into the clear
width. Handrails shall not project more than 4 4” on either side of the stairway.
e Stairway headroom shall be a minimum of 6’-8” at all parts of stairways. The height shall be
measured from the leading edge of the tread.
© The maximum allowable riser height shall be 8 4”. The minimum riser height shall be 4”.
The greatest riser height shall not exceed the smallest riser height by more than 3/8” within
any given flight of stairs.
e The minimum tread depth shall be 9”. The greatest tread depth shall not exceed the smallest
tread depth by more than 3/8” within any given flight of stairs.
e Stair tread nosings are required on treads less than 11”. Nosing radiuses shall not exceed
9/16”. Nosings shall be a minimum of %” and a maximum of 1 4” for stairs with solid risers.
Open risers are permitted, provided that the opening between treads does not permit the
passage of a 4” sphere. Open risers are also permitted on stairs with a total rise of less than
30”
Handrails
e A handrail is required on at least one side of the stair. The handrail shall be mounted between
34” and 38” measured from the leading edge of the tread. Handrails shall be continuous for
the length of the stair.
© Wall mounted handrails shall have a minimum clearance of 1 %” off the face of the wall.
e Handrails shall be graspable and each end shall return to a wall or post.
© Handrail shall have a circular cross sect with an outside diameter of at least 1 4” but not
greater than 2”. If the handrail is not circular it shall have a perimeter dimension of at least 4“
but not greater than 6 4”. The maximum cross sectional dimension shall be 2 4”
e Handrails with a perimeter greater than 6 1/4” are permitted ifa graspable finger recess area
is provided on each side of the profile. Please reference the building code (section
R311.5.6.3) for specifics regarding the profile and dimensions of the finger recess.
e Any stairs over 30” in height from finished floor to landing or finished floor will require a
guardrail. Required guards along a stair shall not be less than the minimum handrail height of
34”. Guards along landing and walking surfaces at floor levels shall not be less than 36”. At
no point in a guardrail system shall a sphere of 4” pass through the guardrail.
e Handrails and guardrails shall be designed to withstand 200 Ibs. of force in any direction at
any point along the top rail of the system.
SSS ESS
Town of Waterford, CT Residential Deck Handout October 25, 2016 Page 8

RESIDENTIAL DECKS
RESOURCES AND HELPFUL LINKS
e Prescriptive Residential Wood Deck Construction Guide based on the 2009
International Residential Code
http:/www.awe.org/pdf/codes-standards/publications/dca/AWC-DCA62009.
DeckGuide-1007.pdf
e This handout can be found on the Town of Waterford building department website
http://www.waterfordct.org/sites/waterfordct/files/file/file/decks.pdf
e Simpson Strong-Tie Deck Connection and Fastening Guide
http://diydoneright.com/projects/deck-it-out-safe-and-strong/
e USP Structural Connectors
http://www.uspconnectors.com/us/products/connectors?gclid=C12J666dxs4CFVF
bhgodRIOBUw
e Ledge Light Health District
http://www.ledgelighthealthdistrict.com
In addition to these helpful links, you can find several websites online with free deck design software,
programs, articles, design ideas, decking materials and suppliers. Please note that the Town of
Waterford is not responsible for the content, use or application of the information provided on any of
the referenced websites, nor does the Town endorse the use of any specific products or
manufacturers. The links are referenced and/or provided solely for your convenience in the
preparation of documentation to accompany your application for a building permit.
eT
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Town of Waterford, CT Residential Deck Handout October 25, 2016 Page 9

RESIDENTIAL DECKS
MINIMUM BUILDING PERMIT APPLICATION REQUIREMENTS
1. The application should be fully completed. Please be sure to indicate in the description section if this
is a new deck, a replacement deck, a deck expansion or a deck repair.
2. Completed project information / checklist
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Two sets of all drawings, specifications and supporting documentation are required with the
application for building permit.
4. Plot plan / site plan
A plot plan / site plan shall be provided that clearly shows the proposed deck size and location in
relation to the house, property lines, pools, accessory structures, utility lines, septic systems, etc.
The plan should be dimensioned and noted accordingly to convey the scope of work. Plot plans/ site
plans should be a minimum scale of 1” = 40’.
5. Provide the following plans drawn to scale (1/4” per ft. preferred).
e Proposed Deck Floor Plan(s)
e Existing Conditions Plan(s)
© Demolition Plan(s) (if applicable)
e Footing / Pier Plan
e Deck Framing Plan
e Detailed Cross Section
e Deck Elevation(s)
© Details (as applicable) of stairs, landings, bracing, connections, etc.
e Any other drawings that may be needed to convey the scope of work.
Plans shall include dimensions, labels, finishes, heights, notations, etc. to fully convey the scope of
work, construction methods, materials, details and code compliance. Plans shall clearly indicate
existing construction from new construction. The plans shall be specific to the actual site conditions
and finished grades. Existing windows, doors, vents, hose bibs, tanks and similar interferences shall
be clearly identified and considered in the deck design. See attached example of a simple deck
application for permit submission.
em ESSE
Town of Waterford, CT Residential Deck Handout October 25, 2016 Page 10

6. Acost estimate for the entire project, including labor and materials, shall be provided. The building
department reserves the right to apply its own valuation if the estimate provided does not appear
to be in line with current market pricing as determined by “RS Means” cost estimating guides. Even
if the owner is the applicant and is doing the work themselves, a fair market labor cost shall be
included in the estimate.
Special Requirements
If the existing property is serviced by a private septic system, the plans will need to be reviewed by
Ledge Light Health District (LLHD). The plans will be available in this office for LLHD to review
however it is recommended that the applicant should contact LLHD directly to expedite the process. A
permit will not be issued until LLHD has approved the application first.
Other Requirements
The contractor/owner shall keep the permit or copy of the permit on the site of the work area until the
completion of the project. (R105.7)
Contractor / Owner shall keep one set of the stamped approved plans readily available on the job site at
all times during the construction and shall be open to review and inspection by the building official or his
or her authorized representative. (R106.3.1)
Any changes made during construction that are not in compliance with the approved plans shall be
resubmitted for approval as an amended set of plans. (R106.4)
Se
Town of Waterford, CT Residential Deck Handout October 25, 2016 Page 11

RESIDENTIAL POOL DECKS
MINIMUM BUILDING PERMIT APPLICATION REQUIREMENTS
In addition to the requirements for residential decks, if your deck is abutting a pool, the following
additional information is required.
e The barrier requirements for a pool must be maintained if adding a deck that abuts a pool.
- Ifthe deck extends between the pool edge and the house without the required 48” high
barrier, any doors from the house to the deck will need to be alarmed. Reference the
“Swimming Pool Installation Guide”, available in the permitting office for specific
requirements regarding barriers and alarm requirements.
- Ifthe deck surface is less than 48” above finished grade then no toe holds are permitted that
would allow someone to be able to climb the barrier. Reference the “Swimming Pool
Installation Guide”, available in the permitting office for specific requirements regarding
barriers and toe holds.
- Any stairs to/from the pool deck shall meet the stair construction requirements as well as the
barrier requirements outlined in the “Swimming Pool Installation Guide”, available in the
permitting office.
- Any gates in the required barrier shall be 48” high, shall be self closing and latching and shall
swing out or away from the pool area. Reference the “Swimming Pool Installation Guide”,
available in the permitting office for specific requirements regarding gates in pool barriers.
e Ifthe deck is a free standing deck, frost protected footings are not required
e Ifthe deck attaches to a house or an existing deck already attached to a house, frost protected
footings or piers are required for all support posts.
———— eee
Town of Waterford, CT Residential Deck Handout October 25, 2016 Page 12

RESIDENTIAL DECKS IN FLOOD ZONES
MINIMUM BUILDING PERMIT APPLICATION REQUIREMENTS
In addition to the requirements for residential decks, if your deck is located in a flood zone, or believed to
be located in a flood zone, as determined by the “Flood Insurance Rate Maps” FIRM, the following
additional information is required. These maps are available on line at
https://msc.fema.gov/portal/search or a hard copy can be viewed in the building department.
e Determine which flood Zone and flood elevation that the project may be within. Information can be
found at the Permitting Office or online at www.msc.fema.gov
o NOTE: If the deck extends into a flood zone or a higher risk zone, this may now place the entire primary structure in the
flood zone or a higher risk zone
e The minimum 42” footing depth may need to be increased to prevent undermining the structure from
erosion and scour.
© The design of the deck must not obstruct the flow of flood waters.
© Decks should be designed and constructed to prevent the deck and portions thereof from becoming
floating debris and causing damage to the primary structure or other structures.
© The height if the deck in relation to the primary structure’s finished floor shall be designed to minimize
water intrusion into the primary structure.
© Decks should be constructed of flood resistant materials and all fasteners shall be made of corrosion-
resistant materials.
e The type of fasteners and locations where they are used shall be shown on the plans.
e For additional information:
o FEMA (P-499)—" Home Builder’s Guide to Coastal Construction” — Technical Fact Sheet No. 8-2
° www.fema.gov/media-library/assets/documents/3293
o FEMA (P-55) —“ Coastal Construction Manual”, Sections 12.9 and 13.5
° www.fema.gov/media-library/assets/documents/3293
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Town of Waterford, CT Residential Deck Handout October 25, 2016 Page 13

RESIDENTIAL DECKS
REQUIRED INSPECTIONS
It is the duty of the permit holder or their agent to notify the building official that such work is ready for
inspection (R109.3). Required inspections for an average deck will consist of:
e Footing/pier inspection after the hole is dug and prior to placement of concrete
e Framing inspection prior to the installation of deck boards on decks that will be less than 30”
above grade.
© Other inspections may be required based on the size, type, location and complexity of the deck.
e Final inspection is required after the work is complete and prior to use/occupancy of the deck.
(R109.1.6) A certificate of completion will be issued by the building department once the deck
passes a final inspection.
RESIDENTIAL DECKS
INSPECTION CARD
Note to Applicant: This Inspection Card shall be left on site in a visible and protected area along
with the approved construction documentation for this project. The inspector will sign the appropriate
section of the inspection card upon satisfactory completion and compliance with the applicable
building codes and approved plans. When all required inspections have been signed-off on, the
applicant or owner shall return the inspection card to the building department so a certificate of
completion can be issued.
Building Permit No. Date Issued: Address:
Applicants Name: Is the applicant the owner? o Yes co No
Project Description:
FOOTING INSPECTION
Inspector Date Approved Comments
FRAMING INSPECTION
Inspector Date Approved Comments
FINAL INSPECTION
Inspector Date Approved Comments
SSS
_——————————————
Town of Waterford, CT Residential Deck Handout October 25, 2016 Page 14

RESIDENTIAL DECKS
SAMPLE APPLICATION DRAWINGS
AND
SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION
Project Information / checklist
Plot Plan / Site Plan
Existing Conditions Plan
Deck Layout Plan
Deck Foundation / Pier Plan
Deck Framing Plan
Section Drawing Through Deck
Proposed North Deck Elevation
Proposed East Deck Elevation
Deck Details & Notes
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Town of Waterford, CT Residential Deck Handout October 25, 2016 Page 15

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No. & Street Name, Waterford CT | NEW 12' X 14’ DECK 1/4" = 1'-0" M/DIY

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For Property Located At: Project Description: Seale: Date:
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John & Jane Doe PROPOSED NORTH DECK ELEVATION) A—O5
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No. & Street Name, Waterford CT | NEW 12' X 14' DECK 1/8" = 1'-0" M/DIY

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John & Jane Doe PROPOSED EAST DECK ELEVATION | A—O6
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NEW 12' X 14' DECK 1/4" = 1'-0" M/DIY
No. & Street Name, Waterford CT

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5" max S 6.5" min for 2x10 if lag Screws ate Used or bolt
© o} 3 o) 7 5" min. for 2x12 spacing Is reduced to that of
| lag screws to attach 2x8
ee ct P \. ledgers to 2x8 band jolsts (1/2"
an fedoer a oh 3/4" min stacked washers-not permitted)
DECK CONSTRUCTION
. . ~ remove siding at ledger
exterior sheathing Boies prior to installation = br lelalada TO BE PRESSURE TREATED
_ . caulked to prevent water intrusion
existing 2x band joist —— HARDWARE
or 1 minimum __ continuous flashing = AT NO POINT IN THE RAILING SYSTEM
EWP rim board vA _| extending past joist CONSTRUCTION SHALL THERE BE ANY
Zonal hanger OPENINGS LARGER THAN 3 4”
2" min deck joist — MAXIMUM STAIR RISER HEIGHT SHALL BE 8"
re = ye gad j — ALL RISERS SHALL BE CLOSED
18 aN STS MINIMUM TREAD DEPTH SHALL BE 10”
a mince Ali-te | 4/9" diameter lag as SHALL BE A MINIMUM OF 36
2x oat screws or — A GRASPABLE HANDRAIL SHALL BE
wood I-joist, rh through-bolts with PROVIDED ON ALL SETS OF STAIRS WITH 4 OR
or MPCWT. : "a washers MORE RISERS
Rot Joist hanger — HANDRAILS, WHERE REQUIRED SHALL BE
isting « mele ho MOUNTED ON AT LEAST ONE SIDE OF THE
ech wall 4 2x ledger board; must be greater STAIR
vw — STAIRS TO REST ON A 4" THICK
than or equal to the depth of the
deck joist and no greater than the
depth of the band joist
CONCRETE PAD. PAD SHALL BE A MIN. 54” WIDE X
48” DEEP. STAIR SHALL REST ON THE FIRST
12” OF THE PAD
LEDGER BOARDS SHALL BE ATTACHED TO THE
EXISTING STRUCTURAL MEMBERS AT 16” 0.C.
WITH LEDGER LOK FASTENERS IN A
STAGGERED PATTERN. FASTENERS SHALL BE
NO CLOSER THAN 2” FROM THE TOP OR
BOTTOM OF THE LEDGER BOARD.
- DECK JOISTS TO BE SECURED TO THE
GIRDER WITH HURRICANE CLIPS AS NOTED
— ALL POSTS TO SET IN POST BASES AS
NOTED.
ALL POST TOPS TO HAVE A POST TO GIRDER
CONNECTOR AS NOTED ON THE PLANS
— ALL POSTS/POST BASES SHALL SET ON 10”
BIGFOOT FOOTINGS. BOTTOM OF FOOTINGS TO
BE 42” MIN. BELOW GRADE.
— ALL ASSOCIATED CONCRETE FOR DECK
PIERS AND PADS SHALL BE 3000 PSI MINIMUM
— PROVIDE NEW FLASHING AS NOTED
=
ABU Adjustable Post Base with Standoff:
Property Owner: Drawing Title: Sheet No.:
John & Jane Doe DECK DETAILS & NOTES A—O
For Property Located At: Project Description: Scale: Date:
No. & Street Name, Waterford CT | NEW 12' X 14' DECK 1/4" = 1'-0" M/DIY